对脱硫塔的烟气脱硫的大型脱硫装置称为脱硫塔，而用于燃煤工业锅炉和窑炉烟气脱硫的小型脱硫除尘装置多称为脱硫除尘器。在脱硫塔和脱硫除尘器中，应含SO2的烟气，对烟气中的SO2进行化学吸收。为了强化吸收过程，提高脱硫效率，降低设备的投资和运行费用，脱硫塔和脱硫除尘器应满足以下的基本要求：

The large desulfurization device of flue gas desulfurization tower is called desulfurization tower, and the small desulfurization and dust removal device used for flue gas desulfurization of coal fired industrial boiler and kiln is called desulfurization dust collector. In the desulfurization tower and desulfurization dust collector, the flue gas containing SO2 should be contained, and the chemical absorption of SO2 in the flue gas should be carried out. In order to strengthen the absorption process, improve the desulfurization efficiency, reduce the investment and operating costs of the equipment, desulfurization tower and desulfurization dust collector should meet the following basic requirements:

（1）气液间有较大的接触面积和

(1) there is a large contact area between gas and liquid

一定的接触时间；

Certain contact time;

（2）气液间扰动强烈，吸收阻力小，对SO2的吸收效率高；

(2) the disturbance between gas and liquid is strong, the absorption resistance is small, and the absorption efficiency of SO2 is high;

（3）操作稳定，要有合适的操作弹性；

(3) stable operation and proper operation flexibility;

（4）气流通过时的压降要小；

(4) the pressure drop of air flow is small;

（5）结构简单，制造及维修方便，造价低廉，使用寿命长；

(5) it is simple in structure, convenient in manufacture and maintenance, low in cost and long in service life;

（6）不结垢，不堵塞，耐磨损，耐腐蚀；

(6) no scaling, no clogging, wear resistance, corrosion resistance;

（7）能耗低，不产生二次污染。

(7) low energy consumption and no two pollution.

SO2吸收净化过程，处理的是低浓度SO2烟气，烟气量相当可观，要求瞬间内连续不断地高效净化烟气。因而，SO2参加的化学反应应为极快反应，它们的膜内转化系数值较大，反应在膜内发生，因此选用气相为连续相、湍流程度高、相界面较大的吸收塔作为脱硫塔和脱硫除尘器比较合适。通常，喷淋塔、填料塔、喷雾塔、板式塔、文丘里吸收塔等能满足这些要求。其中，喷淋塔是使用最为广泛的脱硫塔类型之一，喷淋塔具有结构简单，工艺成熟可靠的优点，广泛应用于大型电厂，中小型低硫烟气治理；对于高硫烟气治理，有色行业以气动乳化脱硫塔、多层喷淋塔等为主。

SO2 absorption and purification process, the treatment is low concentration of SO2 flue gas, considerable amount of flue gas, requiring instantaneous continuous efficient purification of flue gas. Thus, chemical reaction in SO2 for fast reaction, their membrane transformation coefficient is larger, reaction occurs in the film, so the gas phase as continuous phase, a high degree of turbulence, phase interface large absorption tower as a desulfurization tower and desulfurization dust remover is suitable. Usually, spray tower, packing tower, spray tower, plate tower, Venturi absorption tower can meet these requirements. The spray tower is one of the most widely used type of desulfurization tower, spray tower has the advantages of simple structure, has the advantages of mature technology and reliable, widely used in large power plant, control of small and medium scale low sulfur gas; for the treatment of high sulfur gas, the nonferrous metals industry in pneumatic emulsifying desulfurization tower, multi layer spray tower.