脱硫要求
Requirements for desulphurization
对脱硫塔的烟气脱硫的大型脱硫装置称为脱硫塔，而用于燃煤工业锅炉和窑炉烟气脱硫的小型脱硫除尘装置多称为脱硫除尘器。在脱硫塔和脱硫除尘器中，应含SO2的烟气，对烟气中的SO2进行化学吸收。为了强化吸收过程，提高脱硫效率，降低设备的投资和运行费用，脱硫塔和脱硫除尘器应满足以下的基本要求：
The large desulfurization unit for flue gas desulfurization of the desulfurization tower is called desulphurization tower, and the small desulfurization and dust removal equipment used in coal fired industrial boiler and kiln flue gas desulfurization is called desulphurizer. In desulphurization tower and desulphurization dust collector, SO2 flue gas should be contained, and SO2 of flue gas should be chemically absorbed. In order to enhance the absorption process, improve the desulfurization efficiency and reduce the investment and operation cost of the equipment, the following basic requirements should be satisfied for the desulfurization tower and the desulphurization dust collector.
（1）气液间有较大的接触面积和一定的接触时间；
(1) there is a large contact area between gas and liquid and a certain contact time.
（2）气液间扰动强烈，吸收阻力小，对SO2的吸收效率高；
(2) there is strong disturbance between gas and liquid, small absorption resistance and high absorption efficiency for SO2.
（3）操作稳定，要有合适的操作弹性；
(3) stable operation and proper operation flexibility.
（4）气流通过时的压降要小；
(4) the pressure drop is small when the air flow passes.
（5）结构简单，制造及维修方便，造价低廉，使用寿命长；
(5) simple structure, easy manufacture and maintenance, low cost and long service life.
（6）不结垢，不堵塞，耐磨损，耐腐蚀；
(6) no scaling, no clogging, wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
（7）能耗低，不产生二次污染。
(7) low energy consumption and no two pollution.
SO2吸收净化过程，处理的是低浓度SO2烟气，烟气量相当可观，要求瞬间内连续不断地高效净化烟气。因而，SO2参加的化学反应应为极快反应，它们的膜内转化系数值较大，反应在膜内发生，因此选用气相为连续相、湍流程度高、相界面较大的吸收塔作为脱硫塔和脱硫除尘器比较合适。通常，喷淋塔、填料塔、喷雾塔、板式塔、文丘里吸收塔等能满足这些要求。其中，喷淋塔是使用最为广泛的脱硫塔类型之一，喷淋塔具有结构简单，工艺成熟可靠的优点，广泛应用于大型电厂，中小型低硫烟气治理；对于高硫烟气治理，有色行业以气动乳化脱硫塔、多层喷淋塔等为主。
The process of SO2 absorption and purification is low concentration SO2 flue gas. The amount of flue gas is considerable, which requires continuous and efficient purification of flue gas in an instant. Therefore, the chemical reaction of SO2 should be a very fast reaction, and their inner membrane conversion system is relatively large, and the reaction occurs in the membrane. Therefore, it is more suitable to choose the absorption tower with a continuous phase, high turbulence level and a larger phase interface as a desulfurization tower and desulphurizer. Usually, spray tower, packed tower, spray tower, plate tower and Venturi absorber can meet these requirements. Among them, spray tower is one of the most widely used types of desulphurization tower. The spray tower has the advantages of simple structure and mature and reliable technology. It is widely used in large power plants, small and medium low sulfur flue gas treatment; for the treatment of high sulfur flue gas, the coloured industry is based on pneumatic emulsifying desulfurization tower, multi layer spray tower and so on.
常见吸收塔的性能
Performance of common absorption towers
国内外燃煤电厂常用的脱硫塔，主要有喷淋空塔、填料塔、双回路塔及喷射鼓炮塔等四种。
The common desulfurization towers at home and abroad are mainly four kinds of spray tower, packed tower, double loop tower and injection drum turret.